Dear Subscriber,
The following important judgements are available for download at itatonline.org.
Alkaben B. Patel vs. ITO (ITAT Ahmedabad) (Special Bench)
The term "month" in s. 54E, 54EA, 54EB & 54EC does not mean "30 days" but the "calendar month". So, the expression "within a month" means "before the end of the calendar month"
Sections 54E, 54EA, 54EB & 54EC require the investment to be made "within a period of six months after the date of such transfer". The subtle question is that whether the word "month" refers in this section a period of 30 days or it refers to the month only. The term 'month' is not defined in the Income-tax Act. Therefore, its meaning has to be understood as per the General Clauses Act, 1897 which defines the word "month" to mean a month reckoned according to the British calendar. In Munnalal Shri Kishan Mainpuri 167 ITR 415 (All) it was held in the context of limitation u/s 256(2) that the word 'month' refers to a period of 30 days and, therefore, the reference to "six months" in s. 256(2) is to "six calendar months" and not "180 days". On some occasions, the Legislature had not used the term "Month" but has used the number of days to prescribe a specific period. For example, the First Proviso to s. 254(2A) provides that the Tribunal may pass an order granting stay but for a period not exceeding 180 days. This is an important distinction made in the statute while subscribing the limitation/ period. This distinction thus resolves the present controversy by itself
Crompton Greaves Limited vs. DCIT (Bombay High Court)
Write-off of irrecoverable advances is not a "transfer" and the loss cannot be claimed as a capital loss u/s 45
Having regard to the definitions of terms "capital asset" and "transfer" in sections 2(14) and 2(47), in order to be eligible for carry forward of capital loss, the capital asset should be of the nature defined in s. 2(14) and should be transferred in the manner defined in s. 2(47). Equally, it should be subjected to tax as per s. 45(1) of the Income-tax Act. The advances given to the said two parties and written off are not the capital assets nor there is any transfer. Therefore, they were not allowed to be carried forward to subsequent years. It is a capital loss and should be ignored (Ahmed G.H. Ariff 76 ITR 471 (SC) & Minor Bababhai 128 ITR 1 (Guj) distinguished)
CIT vs. Intervet India Pvt.Ltd (Bombay High Court)
S. 194-H TDS does not apply to all sales promotional expenditure if relationship is not that of principal & agent
The assessee had undertaken sales promotional scheme viz. Product discount scheme and Product campaign under which it offered an incentive on case to case basis to its stockists / dealers / agents. An amount of Rs.70 lakhs was claimed as a deduction towards expenditure incurred under the said sales promotional scheme. The relationship between the assessee and the distributor / stockists was that of principal to principal and in fact the distributors were the customers of the assessee to whom the sales were effected either directly or through the consignment agent. As the distributor / stockists were the persons to whom the product was sold, no services were offered by the assessee and what was offered by the distributor was a discount under the product distribution scheme or product campaign scheme to buy the assessee's product. The distributors / stockists were not acting on behalf of the assessee and that most of the credit was by way of goods on meeting of sales target, and hence, it could not be said to be a commission payment within the meaning of Explanation (i) to Section 194H of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The contention of the Revenue in regard to the application of Explanation (i) below Section 194H being applicable to all categories of sales expenditure cannot be accepted. Such reading of Explanation (i) below Section 194H would amount to reading the said provision in abstract. The application of the provision is required to be considered to the relevant facts of every case
Regards,
Editor,
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